This is the third stage of the systematic HRD process and it focuses on four questions, namely: 1) the
‘when’ are employees provided with training; 2) the ‘who’ denoting what levels of employees are provided
with training; 3) the ‘where’ and ‘by whom’ suggesting providers and trainers for delivering training; and 4)
the ‘how’ denoting the methods used in delivering training. Again, it is emphasised that these reviews and
discussions are valuable to this study as it forms an important part of the research, particularly in relation to
the ‘when, who, where’ and ‘how’ HRD activities are being implemented in the manufacturing companies in
Malaysia. The delivery and implementation diagram is illustrated in Figure 4