80 cases were included in this study: 60 COPD patients and 20 healthy subjects as a
control. There were 48 males and 12 females in COPD groups and 17 males and 3 females in the
control group. Their age ranged from 41 to 79 years with a mean age of 59 years. The subjects were
classified into 3 groups. Group I includes (30) patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Group II
includes (30) patients with stable controlled COPD. Group III includes (20) healthy persons as a
control.