Next, relationships from the two Kiasu attitudes to the two teamwork
attitudes were examined and these were also significant. However, contrary to
H5 and H6, Kiasu-negative was positively, instead of negatively, related to
improvements in task-participation and social-support, with beta (b)
coefficients of 0.18 and 0.14, respectively. When we examined the test results
for H7 and H8, the relationships from Kiasu-positive to social-support and
task-participation were also contrary to our expectation, that is in the negative
direction, with respective coefficients of b ¼ 20:11 ðt . 1:94Þ for
social-support and b ¼ 20:14 for task-participation. Since social-support and
task-participation were measured as teamwork attitudinal changes arising
from the AL experience, these results showed that higher Kiasu-positive led to
smaller increases in the two teamwork attitudes, while higher Kiasu-negative
attitude resulted in larger increases in task-participation and social-support