Value-focused
thinking is an outgrowth of decision analysis which emphasizes the identification
J. Keisler et al.
123
and structuring of objectives into value hierarchies and means-ends networks as
valuable on its own, as well as serving as a prelude to traditional quantitative
analysis.
While most traditional decision science relies on sophisticated mathematical
models with observable and calculable inputs that yield precise answers, soft OR
places less emphasis on engineering mechanistic solutions and more on value
judgments and participation in its model development (e.g., Ackoff 1979;
Ackermann 2012). These alternative approaches are generally appropriate when
the problem presented to analysts is vaguely defined, involves multiple stakeholders
(often with competing interests), includes a high degree of uncertainty, and involves
data that are sparse and/or difficult to accurately measure (Mingers 2011).
Accordingly, the methods used in soft OR applications are generally more
interpretivist and less positivist in nature than traditional OR, with the process
holding as much (and sometimes more) importance than the outcome (Mehrotra
2009; Mingers 2009).
Value-focused
thinking is an outgrowth of decision analysis which emphasizes the identification
J. Keisler et al.
123
and structuring of objectives into value hierarchies and means-ends networks as
valuable on its own, as well as serving as a prelude to traditional quantitative
analysis.
While most traditional decision science relies on sophisticated mathematical
models with observable and calculable inputs that yield precise answers, soft OR
places less emphasis on engineering mechanistic solutions and more on value
judgments and participation in its model development (e.g., Ackoff 1979;
Ackermann 2012). These alternative approaches are generally appropriate when
the problem presented to analysts is vaguely defined, involves multiple stakeholders
(often with competing interests), includes a high degree of uncertainty, and involves
data that are sparse and/or difficult to accurately measure (Mingers 2011).
Accordingly, the methods used in soft OR applications are generally more
interpretivist and less positivist in nature than traditional OR, with the process
holding as much (and sometimes more) importance than the outcome (Mehrotra
2009; Mingers 2009).
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..