1. Introduction
Expanding coverage to the roughly 50 million Americans who
lack health insurance has long been a key public policy concern, and
one that has received enormous attention in recent years.1 Most
notably, the Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) attempts to cover
these individuals via a combination of an expansion of Medicaid
and subsidies to purchase private insurance on state-run health
insurance exchanges, as well as a mandate for most individuals to
obtain coverage.