However, empirical studies on the effect of previous experience on alliance
performance have led to mixed results. Some scholars (Anand and Khanna 2000)
found a strong positive effect just for a specific type of collaboration (R&D joint
ventures). Other studies, which distinguish between general collaborative experience
and partner-specific collaborative experience, have provided different findings
about their association with performance (Zollo et al. 2002; Hoang and Rothaermel
2005).