The standard AOAC method (1990) was used for the measure- ment of moisture, nitrogen, ash and lipid.
Protein was determined from estimates of total nitrogen using a conversion factor of 6.25 (Thitipraphunkul et al., 2003).
The phosphorus content was deter- mined by a colorimetric chemical method (Smith and Caruso,1964).
Apparent amylose content was determined by a procedure described by Hoover and Ratnayake (2001).
The amylose content was calculated from a standard curve prepared by using mixtures of pure amylose and amylopectin fractionated from canna starch (over the range of 0–100% amylose).