The texture of the sausages was analysed after 24 h of cooling.
Sausages containing carrageenan, independently of the amount
of the addition, were characterized by significantly higher, about
4–8 N/cm2, Hardness I values in comparison to controls (Table 5).
The highest values of Hardness I were for sausages containing
10% of fat and 0.57% of carrageenan (IId), whilst the lowest was
for control sausage (C10) which contained 10% of fat. Hardness of
control samples (C20) and (C10) differed significantly. The influence
of fat level on the texture of sausage has been reported by
Candogan and Kolsarici (2003a) and Hensley and Hand (1995),
who noted that hardness was correlated with fat content. Carrageenan
and water addition to sausages containing 10% fat caused
a significant increase in gumminess and chewiness. In frankfurters
produced with 20% fat significant differences in gumminess and
chewiness were noted in samples containing the larger amount
of carrageenan (Id). Samples in which the carrageenan:water ratio
was equal (Ic and IIc, Id and IId) showed the same gumminess,
regardless of fat content.