The combination of microbeam XRF and XRD tomography can be applied to any millimeter-sized crystalline material while obtaining micrometer resolution. In a follow-up article, we intend to use this method to visualize the distribution of pigmented species in historical multilayered materials sampled from 15th to 17th century oil paintings and compare its strong and weak points to other depth-selective methods such as confocal μ-XRF.