Introduction
Along with the movement away from the audio-lingual method in the 1970s and
towards a communicative approach in the 1980s, second language acquisition (SLA)
40
also shifted from a focus on teachers to a focus on learners. This era also gave birth to
the notion and importance of what we know today as learner strategies. The notion of
learning strategies was born in two fields that have developed it independently:
cognitive psychology and second language acquisition. The former tried to analyze
the strategies that experts employ and then train novices to use them as well. The
latter preferred to describe the kinds of strategies that are used (Griffiths and Parr,
2001).
2.2. Methodology
In order to elicit data on VLSs, a triangulation of methods was used: a) observing the
students in person in the classroom and outside the classroom while studying their
45
academic texts, b) interviewing the students individually about their vocabulary
comprehension and vocabulary learning activities while studying their academic texts,
and c) using a questionnaire based on theoretical considerations of some previous
attempts to study VLSs, including that of Schmitt's, to identify VLSs types.
Using the word as the need arises. It was observed that ESP students (75%) were
also more inclined to use skill-oriented strategies since there were many cases in
which it was necessary to understand their academic fellows’ speech infested with
English specialized vocabulary and to use the English specialized vocabulary
themselves in order to be understood by their counterparts and to convey their
intended message in the most effective and shortest possible way.
Conclusion
First, the VLSs are divided into two major groups: strategies for the discovery of a
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new word’s meaning (comprehension strategies) and strategies for consolidating a
word once it has been encountered (learning/acquisition strategies). Comprehension
strategies included determination strategies and transactional strategies.
Determination strategies are divided into three main substrategies: guessing meaning
from the context, word analysis and looking up the word in the dictionary. With
regard to transactional strategies, since asking the meaning from the teacher or
classmates was not the way by which words were learned in social interactions, this
strategy was called transactional strategy.
IntroductionAlong with the movement away from the audio-lingual method in the 1970s andtowards a communicative approach in the 1980s, second language acquisition (SLA)40also shifted from a focus on teachers to a focus on learners. This era also gave birth tothe notion and importance of what we know today as learner strategies. The notion oflearning strategies was born in two fields that have developed it independently:cognitive psychology and second language acquisition. The former tried to analyzethe strategies that experts employ and then train novices to use them as well. Thelatter preferred to describe the kinds of strategies that are used (Griffiths and Parr,2001).2.2. MethodologyIn order to elicit data on VLSs, a triangulation of methods was used: a) observing thestudents in person in the classroom and outside the classroom while studying their45academic texts, b) interviewing the students individually about their vocabularycomprehension and vocabulary learning activities while studying their academic texts,and c) using a questionnaire based on theoretical considerations of some previousattempts to study VLSs, including that of Schmitt's, to identify VLSs types.Using the word as the need arises. It was observed that ESP students (75%) werealso more inclined to use skill-oriented strategies since there were many cases inwhich it was necessary to understand their academic fellows’ speech infested withEnglish specialized vocabulary and to use the English specialized vocabularythemselves in order to be understood by their counterparts and to convey theirintended message in the most effective and shortest possible way.ConclusionFirst, the VLSs are divided into two major groups: strategies for the discovery of a58new word’s meaning (comprehension strategies) and strategies for consolidating aword once it has been encountered (learning/acquisition strategies). Comprehensionstrategies included determination strategies and transactional strategies.Determination strategies are divided into three main substrategies: guessing meaningfrom the context, word analysis and looking up the word in the dictionary. Withregard to transactional strategies, since asking the meaning from the teacher orclassmates was not the way by which words were learned in social interactions, thisstrategy was called transactional strategy.
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