-Make liberal use of concrete specific instructions and tasks.
-Provide a non-evaluative relaxed instruction suggesting the patient is not being tested or compared to others. Self-paced rather than timed tasks will enhance performance.
-Avoid potential distractions such as uncomfortable chairs, inadequate or glaring lighting, irrelevant designs or borders on written information, auditory competition
-Relating tasks to increases in autonomy and independence will build motivation for success.
-A clear purpose to the task to be mastered increases motivation.
-General principles of small linked goals with measurable results build motivation for learning.
-Caution towards risk-taking increases in old age. A need for more certainty in the correctness of responses or actions may require additional time to avoid discouragement.
-Older adults respond Well to self-help and support groups.