3.3. Antioxidant Activity3.3.1. In VitroComparison of the antioxidant activity of Rice Formula 2 with the DPPH method by comparing from concentrations of substances capable of suppressing DPPH• radicals at 50% (IC50) found Rice Formula 2(before cooking) to have an IC50 value of 12.21 mg/ml, which was lower than 37.66 mg/ml for Rice Formula2 (after cooking) while Rice Formula 2 (before cooking) was able to reduce iron atoms by the FRAP method at 3.27 μmol FeSO4/g, which was better than 3.03 μmol FeSO4/g for Rice Formula 2 (after cooking) (Table 2).When antioxidant activity of Rice Formula 2 (before and after cooking) was compared by the DPPH andFRAP methods, antioxidant activity was found to be different with statistical significance (p<0.05), thus227 Patcharapun Seedad et al./ APCBEE Procedia 8( 2014 ) 222 – 229indicating that Rice Formula 2 (after cooking) had significantly reduced antioxidant capabilities in every method. Antioxidant activity was related to all levels of γ-oryzanol, α-tocopherol, phenolic substances, carotenoid and anthocyanidin in rice grains with reduced values during the cooking process. Therefore, residual antioxidant activity in rice grains after the cooking process may be caused by substances with antioxidant properties not being completely eliminated.
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