Let us consider a circuit containing an op amp. A simple VCVS model of a practical op amp is shown in Fig. 4.21. In this model, Rin represents the input resistance of the op amp and µ the gain. This model can be used for simulating the op amp in the simple inverter circuit of Fig. 4.22(a). Nominal values of Rin=〖10〗^10 ohms and µ=〖10〗^6 have been used to approximate an ideal device. A circuit file for the solution is