2.6. Color analysis
Color analysis of raw roots or jams was conducted with a colorimeter (CR-400, Konica Minolta, Osaka, Japan) equipped with illuminant D65, in reflectance mode and in the CIE L* (lightness), a*
(redness) b* (yellowness) color scale. Color was measured at five
points on each carrot surface or jam layer for a total of 50 mea- surements for each carrot or jam. Hue angle (h ¼ arctg b*/a*), from primary a* and b* readings, was then calculated. The colorimeter was calibrated with a standard reference having L*, a* and b* values
of 97.55, 1.32 and 1.41, respectively