Many methods for estimating multivariate location and scatter break down in the presence
of n/(p + 1) outliers, where n is the number of observations and p is the number of
variables, as was pointed out by Donoho (1982). For the breakdown value of the multivariate
M-estimators of Maronna (1976) see (Hampel et al. 1986, page 296). In the meantime, several
positive-breakdown estimators of multivariate location and scatter have been proposed.
One of these is the minimum volume ellipsoid (MVE) method of Rousseeuw (1984, page 877;
1985). This approach looks for the ellipsoid with smallest volume that covers h data points,
where n/2