Migration, culture and national identity
Stalker (in NOVIB, 2003) sees a growing culture of emigration by citizens as among the
negative effects of international migration. The numbers migrants alone in the Philippines – over
7.6 million – reflect that growing culture. What adds up to that is the influence of networks in the
immigration country (known in the literature as the network migration theory), where community
or family members abroad form support systems to encourage a family member or friend back
home to migrate (also in Añonuevo and Añonuevo, 2002).