These were “foreign cities”.
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They had their own administration with their own kings.
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But they had to … present the King of Sukhothai tributes (เครื่องราชบรรณาการ) every three years;
provide military supports (soldiers & food supplies) when Sukhothai had wars.
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In the reign of Phokhun Ram Khamhaeng, Sukhothai’s colonies included: …