Sample
A convenience sampling method was used to obtain subjects
for this study. The subjects were diagnosed with angina or
myocardial infarction without severe complications, including
ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and congestive
heart failure – New York Heart Association (NYHA)
Classification IV. The subjects were 214 outpatients over
20 years of age and were able to communicate in Korean.