Restricting adaptation responses to incremental changes to existing systems and structures, without considering transformational change, may increase costs and losses, and miss opportunities. Planning and implementation of transformational adaptation could reflect strengthened, altered or aligned paradigms and may place new and increased
demands on governance structures to reconcile different goals and visions for the future and to address
possible equity and ethical implications. Adaptation pathways are enhanced by iterative learning,
deliberative processes, and innovation.