fire-origin forests, (2) post-harvest, regenerating forests with natural
establishment of trees, and (3) post-harvest, regenerating forests
with mechanical or chemical site preparation and planting
and/or herbicide sprayed. Relative to the other treatment types,
we expected that natural regeneration would result in stands with
higher deciduous tree and shrub counts, and a greater percentage
of herbaceous groundcover. We expected differences among fireorigin,
naturally regenerating and more intensively-treated forests
to be greater for younger than for older stands, as increasing shade
under a developing overstory will eventually limit the shrub and
herb layers regardless of treatment type. We expected moose forage
availability and moose pellet group counts to be highest in
logged areas with natural regeneration, both at the stand and home
range scale.