1. Language is a system for the expression of meaning.
2. The primary function of language is for interaction and communication.
3. The structure of language reflects its functional and communicative uses.
4. The primary units of language are not merely its grammatical and structural features, but categories of functional and communicative meaning as exemplified in discourse.
5. Dialogues, if used, center around communicative functions and are not normally memorized.
6. Drilling may occur, but peripherally.
7. Comprehensible pronunciation is sought.
8. Judicious use of native language is accepted where feasible.
9. Translation may be used where students need or benefit from it.
10. Teachers help learners in any way that motivates them to work the language.
11. Language is created by the individual, often through trial and error.
12. Fluency and acceptable language is the primary goal: Accuracy is judged not in the abstract but in context.
13. Students are expected to interact with other people, either in flesh, through pair and group work, or in their writings.