Introduction: Comprehensive interventions that address public-health concerns invariably include behaviorchange
strategies. In occupational safety and health, behavioral safety is an approach designed to improve
safety performance directly through peer observations of safe behaviors, goal setting, performance feedback,
and celebrations or incentives for reaching safety goals. Although the basic components of behavioral safety
processes have been studied and widely documented, the current safety literature reveals several gaps in
knowledge. These gaps are associated mostly with wide practice variations among the common process
elements and uncertainty about the influence of organizational and other external factors. Impact to Industry:
A major objective of this paper was to highlight not only key topic areas that warrant further research, but
also to propose a list of research questions that are tied to uncertainties about various intervention practices.
If only a portion of these topic areas and research questions are addressed through systematic reviews, field
interventions, surveys, and laboratory-based studies, then the knowledge gained will significantly improve
the delivery and effectiveness of behavioral safety interventions and thus their impact on worker health and
safety.