Services may be either under- or over-utilized, depending on the relationships
between the price, the actual cost of services, the value of services to individuals, and the presence of positive externalities for services, such as immunization, that provide health benefits beyond the individual to whom they are directly provided. Thailand, the Social Security Administration to pay capitated payments to contracted public and private hospitals on behalf of insured workers. Capitated payments to contracted hospitals cover all inpatient and outpatient services not necessitated by a work-related illness