10. Conclusion
Of particular note is the high protein content in Sacha Inchi flour and press cake. The
high fat content in the flour and press cake is also considerable, but for this reason, the
production of products like snack basis products was more difficult. A really low starch
content made the production of typically starchy products more difficult.
Because of the composition of Sacha Inchi hulls, which have a high content of phenols
and a fat and protein spectrum, which is of little interest, they were excluded from
further experiments.
From the flour, the by-product of SI oil production after extrusion-expelling, snack
basis products (incl. granola bar), biscuits, noodles and drinks were produced and from
the press cake, a by-product after cold oil pressing, only extrudates, biscuits and a
drink were produced. Because of the high fat content of the press cake, noodles were
not produced.
The production of snack basis products worked well in combination with maize flour
and the taste of the pure extrudates was good. With an amount of up to 30% SI flour
(for press cake only up to 10%), the snack basis products could be included in the
extrusion cooking blend for satisfying. The granola bar was produced with the 30% SI
flour extrudate and reached high values in sensory acceptance.
With a higher level of SI flour or press cake, the biscuits were more crispy, but the
height of the biscuits decreased with the amount of SI flour (valid only for the SI flour
biscuits). The sensory acceptance of SI flour biscuits was comparable to wheat biscuits.
For the press cake biscuits it was worse, they reached lower levels than SI flour
biscuits.
The physical properties of the noodles were better with a lower moisture content and
lower SI flour content, but the production itself was more difficult with a lower
moisture level. Almost all attributes of sensory evaluation of the noodles were strongly
dependent on the percentage of SI flour. They were assessed better with lower
amount of SI, but the blend with 10% SI flour was still ok and could be interesting for SI
flour use.
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The sensory evaluation of the different beverages has revealed, that there is still a
great need for improvement. After production, the drinks should be modified further,
in order to improve their taste and sensory quality.
The best product results were achieved by using the extruder technology and
therefore, it should be done more research in this direction (as examples: using spices
and other ingredients during extrusion or changing the extruder settings).
Due to the high protein content of SI flour and press cake, a beverage in the form of a
protein drink is also very interesting.