The total ash was measured according to AOAC Official Method 923.03 (1990) with minor modifications. For ash analysis, 5 g of each sample was weighted and left in the crucible. Then the crucible was placed in the muffle furnace and converted to ash at 700 C for 18 h. It was later cooled to the room temperature in a desiccator and weighted. Then, the sample was ignited in a furnace at 550 C (dull red) until the weight become constant. In this condition, the light gray ash was observed in the dish. The experiment was done in triplicate for each sample and ash content was calculated based on the following equation: