In conclusion, in a university-affiliated psychiatric center
PR was more common than the figures reported from
Western countries. PR was related to the female sex, less outpatient
treatment prior to the index admission, use of mood
stabilizers, history of aggressive behavior, and young age.
Considering its harmful effects and the social and cultural
diversity in China, regional standards and procedures of PR
with the same underlying principle—the protection of
patients and staff—should be developed in view of the local
sociocultural and professional circumstances.