4. Broodstock husbandry and reproduction
4.1. Collecting broodstock
Sea slugs usually occur in intertidal and coastal areas, with large
sized species (e.g., Aplysia spp.) being easily detected even by inexperienced
collectors. However, the detection of most sea slugs in the
wild requires a careful inspection, mostly due to the remarkable mimetic
ability displayed by some species (Debelius and Kuiter, 2007).
Sea slugs can either be manually collected after visual detection, or
researchers may employ underwater suction devices to collect specimens
that were brushed from a surface commonly covered by the
prey species of the sea slug (Bleakney, 1969; Clark, 1971; Franz,
1975). When employing SCUBA diving equipment, collecting the
most frequent dietary prey of the target sea slug species (e.g. a sponge
or a coral) is often a good option to harvest small-sized or highly
mimetic animals (the limited air supply of the collector may impair
a detailed inspection in situ). Harvested samples can later be easily
inspected in the laboratory (Franz, 1975), where the use of flexible
tweezers is recommended for manipulating sea slugs. Collected sea
slugs can be shipped in aerated containers for short distances, or
placed in round-bottomed plastic bags with one third of their volume
filled with seawater and the two thirds with oxygen for long distances
(as described by Wabnitz et al., 2003 for marine ornamental
species).
Seasonal variability on the abundance of Heterobranchia is probably
most pronounced in temperate regions, such as north-eastern
Atlantic coasts, where significant seasonal shifts in water temperature
occur (Franz, 1970). Knowledge on the zoogeography and reproductive
ecology of target species will certainly be helpful to maximize
collection efficiency. Local restrictions and collecting permits should
be assessed prior to collecting in order to avoid any illegal actions
that may involve fines or other legal sanctions.
4. Broodstock husbandry and reproduction4.1. Collecting broodstockSea slugs usually occur in intertidal and coastal areas, with largesized species (e.g., Aplysia spp.) being easily detected even by inexperiencedcollectors. However, the detection of most sea slugs in thewild requires a careful inspection, mostly due to the remarkable mimeticability displayed by some species (Debelius and Kuiter, 2007).Sea slugs can either be manually collected after visual detection, orresearchers may employ underwater suction devices to collect specimensthat were brushed from a surface commonly covered by theprey species of the sea slug (Bleakney, 1969; Clark, 1971; Franz,1975). When employing SCUBA diving equipment, collecting themost frequent dietary prey of the target sea slug species (e.g. a spongeor a coral) is often a good option to harvest small-sized or highlymimetic animals (the limited air supply of the collector may impaira detailed inspection in situ). Harvested samples can later be easilyinspected in the laboratory (Franz, 1975), where the use of flexibletweezers is recommended for manipulating sea slugs. Collected seaslugs can be shipped in aerated containers for short distances, orplaced in round-bottomed plastic bags with one third of their volumefilled with seawater and the two thirds with oxygen for long distances(as described by Wabnitz et al., 2003 for marine ornamentalspecies).Seasonal variability on the abundance of Heterobranchia is probablymost pronounced in temperate regions, such as north-easternAtlantic coasts, where significant seasonal shifts in water temperatureoccur (Franz, 1970). Knowledge on the zoogeography and reproductiveecology of target species will certainly be helpful to maximizecollection efficiency. Local restrictions and collecting permits shouldbe assessed prior to collecting in order to avoid any illegal actionsthat may involve fines or other legal sanctions.
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4. Broodstock husbandry and reproduction
4.1. Collecting broodstock
Sea slugs usually occur in intertidal and coastal areas, with large
sized species (e.g., Aplysia spp.) being easily detected even by inexperienced
collectors. However, the detection of most sea slugs in the
wild requires a careful inspection, mostly due to the remarkable mimetic
ability displayed by some species (Debelius and Kuiter, 2007).
Sea slugs can either be manually collected after visual detection, or
researchers may employ underwater suction devices to collect specimens
that were brushed from a surface commonly covered by the
prey species of the sea slug (Bleakney, 1969; Clark, 1971; Franz,
1975). When employing SCUBA diving equipment, collecting the
most frequent dietary prey of the target sea slug species (e.g. a sponge
or a coral) is often a good option to harvest small-sized or highly
mimetic animals (the limited air supply of the collector may impair
a detailed inspection in situ). Harvested samples can later be easily
inspected in the laboratory (Franz, 1975), where the use of flexible
tweezers is recommended for manipulating sea slugs. Collected sea
slugs can be shipped in aerated containers for short distances, or
placed in round-bottomed plastic bags with one third of their volume
filled with seawater and the two thirds with oxygen for long distances
(as described by Wabnitz et al., 2003 for marine ornamental
species).
Seasonal variability on the abundance of Heterobranchia is probably
most pronounced in temperate regions, such as north-eastern
Atlantic coasts, where significant seasonal shifts in water temperature
occur (Franz, 1970). Knowledge on the zoogeography and reproductive
ecology of target species will certainly be helpful to maximize
collection efficiency. Local restrictions and collecting permits should
be assessed prior to collecting in order to avoid any illegal actions
that may involve fines or other legal sanctions.
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