However, rational risk based analysis procedures have been used with success in connection with design and approval of offshore structures and large bridges crossing international waterways. Therefore, it seems appropriate that the international shipping community should also standardise decisions concerning elements in risk acceptance criteria. That is, establish agreement on a general form of risk criteria such as Eq. (1) and then establish a suite of connected rational tools for
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Estimation of the grounding and collision probability
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Models for calculation of the resulting grounding and collision damage
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Analysis of the conditions of the damaged vessels
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Estimation of costs associated with the accidents
With such tools it is possible to facilitate increased collision and grounding safety through rational selection and development of different risk control options.