I must conclude that recruiting subjects in class, with the instructor present, is inherently coercive and clearly violates 45 CFR 46.116: "An investigator shall seek such consent only under circumstances that . . . minimize the possibility of coercion or undue influence." The unequal power relationship between instructor and student is one that should not be viewed casually. Active, meaningful protections are needed to avoid coercion when instructors appear to endorse recruitment of subjects into the research of others. Additionally, it is my view that the power relationship simply cannot be equalized when instructors attempt to recruit their own students into their own research, and such recruitment should never be permitted, no matter how (seemingly) benign the research.