The ideas of freedom in education were an expression of the dissatisfaction of democratically minded, petit bourgeois intellectuals and some bourgeois intellectuals with the status quo in society. The anarchist educational theorists presented freedom in education as a means of restructuring society, by ensuring the comprehensive development of children’s creativity and intellectual and physical powers, as well as the free, creative educational practice of the teacher.
Marxist-Leninist educational theory rejects the ideas of both authoritarian and free schooling and regards education as the purposeful, systematic shaping of the comprehensively developed individual.