The most important stage at problem solving process is detecting the problem. While there are many different
detecting concepts in literature, the most well-knowns are system, contingency and field of strength analyze
approaches . In the system approach, organizations are perceived as a whole system with their
sub-systems and processes. It is assumed that a partial problem affects the whole system eventually. It is
essential to understand the relevance between processes to evaluate the system as a whole. System approach
aims to develop models not only by examining interdepartmental processes within a scope of simple causeeffect
relationship but also by focusing the mechanism which generates unwanted results and
Kutanis, 2002). According to contingency approach organizational structure and processes are constantly in
mutual interaction with internal and external factors and are continuously reshaped with those effects. Different
cases must be solved considering their own specific and distinctive context. ku and , 2012).
Field of Strength Analyzing Approach asserts that within the stage of detecting and defining problems, the forces
which support or resist against change and progress activities aimed at solving organizational problems have to
be determined clearly. New behaviours are formed at a point of equilibrium which is the result of struggle
between the forces resisting or supporting change