Gudykunst (1985) utilizes Berger and Calabrese’s (1975) uncertainty reduction theory (URT) as a focal point for his anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory building. Berger and Calabrese’s URT (1975) highlights two types of uncertainty: predictive uncertainty, where strangers are unable to foretell which of the several alternative behaviors that the hosts would employ; and explanatory uncertainty, where they are unable to elucidate the reason why a host behaved in a certain manner. URT emphasizes the reduction of uncertainty. Gudykunst (1995) extends Berger and Calabrese’s (1975) uncertainty reduction theory by highlighting the maximum and minimum thresholds that uncertainty and anxiety levels should be to make effective communication possible.