Advances in nanotechnology and the research of new
materials has led to the elaboration of nano-components with
novel properties and functions. Exploring how those novel
components could be used to devise future computer
architectures, complementing rather than supplementing CMOS
technology, is a new research subject known as Nanocomputing.
In this talk we will present the major challenges of such a
research, the potential benefits of using technologies other than
CMOS and some perspectives in terms of design and
applications. We will illustrate the topic by presenting some of
the most advanced results in the field, focusing on results from
the European project FP7, NABAB, that explores how to build
neuro-inspired computing structures with a variety of nanotechnologies.