However, beeswax increased film oxygen permeability, compared with nanoclay. Unlike beeswax, the addition of nanoclay increased the water barrier and likely strengthened the mechanical properties (elastic modulus and tensile strength) of HPMC-based composite films, compared with HPMC film. Therefore, the incorporation of both beeswax and nanoclay was suitable to obtain desirable films. Moreover, the HPMC-based composite film can be useful as a biodegradable packaging material to maintain the quality of food products.