Taken together, these examples indicate that a hormone-like effect
of the leachates on the life trait variables of M. macrocopa cannot
be excluded and should be a concern of future evaluations. In
particular, the juvenile hormone III and its derivatives which significantly
impact the reproduction rate of daphnids (Tatarazako
et al., 2002) strongly resembles terpenoids which are major constituents
of some HSs (Leenheer and Rostad, 2004). Furthermore,
also alkylphenols modulate the reproduction of daphnids, and
alkylphenols, in turn, are major building blocks of HSs (Schmitt-
Kopplin et al., 1998).