Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease differs from autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in that cysts associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease develop anywhere along the nephron. Upon clinical presentation, kidneys are usually enlarged, with numerous large, round nodules on the external surface of the kidney, causing the loss of its original reniform shape, which is different from kidneys in patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.