We used a within-subjects repeated-measures design in which each participant’s visual attention was assessed using the three subtests of the Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT; Wilson, Cockburn, & Halligan, 1987) under three separate conditions (classical music, white noise, and silence) within no more than 1 wk. The order of conditions and the presentation of tests was counterbalanced across participants with a Latin-square design. This study was reviewed and approved by the Human Experiment and Ethics Committee of National Cheng Kung University Hospital. All participants provided written informed consent.