The cultures with budding shoots were transferred to SPM containing 200 mg/l cefotaxime and 50 mg/l kanamycin, and later excised shoots were transferred to SEM.The transformed shoots ( Fig. 3G and H) then were converted into plantlets ( Fig. 3I) using RIM. Each transformed callus piece produced about 5–10 shoots, but transformation events were counted as one per callus in order to determine the transformation frequency.