Although a promising method using botanical benchmarks has recently been used in Spanish vineyards to determine the long-term erosion rates at field scale (Casalí et al., 2009), knowledge of the rates of soil erosion in Mediterranean vineyards is still very scarce and mainly limited to a few experiments conducted at the plot or field scale (a few m2 or hundred of m2). In order to define sustainable management policies, accurate estimation of soil water erosion and its driving factors under various land-management and spatial scales is necessary.