An additional forecast development issue is the degree of involvement of top level management. Plossl warns that the forecast should not be a ``hopes and wishes'' forecast which may occur if top management is involved. The ``hopes and wishes'' scenario results when top-level managers' performance is measured by higher sales. Plossl's hypothesis is supported by empirical results indicating top management involvement does not improve forecast accuracy (Wacker and Sprague, 1995). The president may be responsible for the forecast, but the president may not have the best market information and may bias the forecast by making the forecast too ``rosy.'' There is no empirical evidence to suggest that involvement by top-level management results in improved forecast accuracy.