The mechanisms of gene transfer, described in detail
for type strains, have provided a framework for the
understanding of environmental gene transfer. Sterile
microcosm studies with known donors and recipients have
provided some valuable information on the potential for
transfer to occur, but may be misleading because of the
complications that the indigenous flora impose. Additionally,
terrestrially-derived models of gene transfer may have no
validity in marine or other environments. There is a need
for the isolation and description of marine gene transfer
systems, which may reveal novel mechanisms of transfer.
Indeed, the division of the three mechanisms of gene
transfer (transformation, conjugation, and transduction)
may diffuse into grey areas of overlap when describing
transfer in natural environments. It can be envisioned that
a phage may lyse a bacterium containing a conjugative
plasmid, which may transform a bacterium, and then be
transferred by conjugation to second recipient. Transducing
phages could conceivably carry conjugative plasmids or
transposons
The mechanisms of gene transfer, described in detail
for type strains, have provided a framework for the
understanding of environmental gene transfer. Sterile
microcosm studies with known donors and recipients have
provided some valuable information on the potential for
transfer to occur, but may be misleading because of the
complications that the indigenous flora impose. Additionally,
terrestrially-derived models of gene transfer may have no
validity in marine or other environments. There is a need
for the isolation and description of marine gene transfer
systems, which may reveal novel mechanisms of transfer.
Indeed, the division of the three mechanisms of gene
transfer (transformation, conjugation, and transduction)
may diffuse into grey areas of overlap when describing
transfer in natural environments. It can be envisioned that
a phage may lyse a bacterium containing a conjugative
plasmid, which may transform a bacterium, and then be
transferred by conjugation to second recipient. Transducing
phages could conceivably carry conjugative plasmids or
transposons
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