A new and interesting debate on the role of the government in economic development has also emerged following the rapid growth of the East Asian economies. This debate focuses on somewhat different concerns from the earlier calculation debate, assessing whether or not the government in an underdeveloped capitalistic market economy can improve upon the market outcome of resource mobilization and resource allocation. This is why the debate is ultimately reduced to measuring the importance of market failure (or absent market institutions) versus government failure (or the government’s inability to assume the role of markets or to introduce market institutions).