Traditional and biotechnological methods are used to increase the production of phytase
for commercial application. The former includes submerged and solid-state fermentation
(Table 14.1); the latter aims to meet the ultimate goal of cost-effective production of
phytase by the use of versatile host vector combinations, strong promoters, efficient
signal sequences for extracellular secretion, and multiple gene copies. Since 2005, recombinant
expression of microbial phytases in either native or heterologous hosts,
including fungi, yeast, bacteria, and plants, has been achieved