Data analysis is conducted through a process in which it precisely starts from the social phenomenon or ‘real concrete’ in which the social world presents to the researcher and then proceeds to ‘abstraction’.
The multi-level of abstraction means the intellectual activities of breaking/uplifting the whole social phenomenon and its meanings down/to mental units through which the researcher thinks, as much as reflects, them.
This is in turn helped mediated by the researcher’s dialogues with theoretical foundations and conceptual frames.
As a result, the whole social phenomenon is re-produced from, reconstituted through, the ‘thought concrete’, which is now understandable (Ollman, 2003, Pitch, 2007).