Imidacloprid (39.0g/mL, ca. 152.9M) solutions were prepared after dissolution in ultra pure water–acetonitrile mixture
(99:1, v/v). Acetonitrile was used to dissolve pesticides in the solution,as it has a low reactivity with ozone [22].
The seed loading solution was diluted in ultra pure water–acetonitrile mixture (99:1, v/v) to obtain a concentration of imidacloprid of 39.0g/mL.