The anatomical location of the injuries was grouped into
shoulder/upper arm, elbow/forearm, hand/wrist, head/neck,
chest, pelvis, hip/upper lower extremity, knee/leg, foot/ankle,
and internal organ injuries. Those with more than 1 body
location of injurywere considered to have a body injury.We also
created larger groups defined as upper extremity (shoulder/upper
arm, elbow/forearm, hand/wrist), head/neck, trunk (chest and
pelvis), lower extremity (hip/upper lower extremity, knee/leg,
foot/ankle), and body injuries. The appendicular body was
considered to be the upper extremity and lower extremity; the
axial body was considered to be the chest, abdomen, and
pelvis (including the spine). A traumatic brain injury (TBI)
was defined as any patient with a concussion, closed head
injury, or internal brain injury/hemorrhage.