Among the most widely mentioned disadvantages of
family ownership is the agency problem resulting from
the combination of ownership and control, which
allows concentrated shareholders to exchange profits
from private rents (Fama and Jensen 1983). Founding
families can too easily work for the benefit of their own
interests at the expense of other shareholders, for
example, by treating the company as a family employment
service or a private bank (Shleifer and Vishny
1997), by drawing scarce resources away from profitable
projects to satisfy family members’ nonpecuniary
compensation (Demsetz 1983), or by limiting top
management positions to family members instead of
recruiting qualified and capable professional managers
(Carney 1998). Overall, entrenchment and expropriation
behaviors of concentrated family shareholders over
minority shareholders lead to a corporate governance
issue of family firms. Therefore, a general academic
tenet is that firms with large, undiversified owners, such
as founding families, are likely to show lower efficiency
and profitability than those of firms with a dispersed
ownership structure (DeAngelo and DeAngelo 2000;
Fama and Jensen 1983; Gomez-Mejia, Nunez-Nickel
and Gutierrez 2001; Morck et al. 2000).
Among the most widely mentioned disadvantages of
family ownership is the agency problem resulting from
the combination of ownership and control, which
allows concentrated shareholders to exchange profits
from private rents (Fama and Jensen 1983). Founding
families can too easily work for the benefit of their own
interests at the expense of other shareholders, for
example, by treating the company as a family employment
service or a private bank (Shleifer and Vishny
1997), by drawing scarce resources away from profitable
projects to satisfy family members’ nonpecuniary
compensation (Demsetz 1983), or by limiting top
management positions to family members instead of
recruiting qualified and capable professional managers
(Carney 1998). Overall, entrenchment and expropriation
behaviors of concentrated family shareholders over
minority shareholders lead to a corporate governance
issue of family firms. Therefore, a general academic
tenet is that firms with large, undiversified owners, such
as founding families, are likely to show lower efficiency
and profitability than those of firms with a dispersed
ownership structure (DeAngelo and DeAngelo 2000;
Fama and Jensen 1983; Gomez-Mejia, Nunez-Nickel
and Gutierrez 2001; Morck et al. 2000).
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