Subjective measures. Subjects were asked to give periodic ratings of their thermal
comfort. Thermal comfort was measured with a modified version of a numerical rating scale
suggested in ISO 10551 (1993). The scale is shown below.
Very hot +4
Hot +3
Warm +2
Slightly warm +1
Comfortable 0
Slightly cool -1
Cool -2
Cold -3
Very cold -4
Subjects used this scale to give three different ratings: overall (whole body) thermal
comfort, left forearm thermal comfort, and left leg thermal comfort.
Phase 2
Independent variables
Phase 2 was also a repeated measures design, but only included one independent variable:
IRR treatment. (The same three levels of treatment were used for this phase as in Phase 1.)
Dependent variables
Objective measures. In Phase 2, air temperature was treated as a dependent variable.
Every two minutes, the air temperature was raised or lowered by a three-degree (F) step in
response to the subjects’ indicated thermal sensation. The main dependent measure of interest
was the average air temperature over the first two reversals of opinion (from “too hot” to “too
cold,” or vice versa). Skin temperature and downward total solar irradiance (measured at the
same locations as Phase 1) were also included as dependent measures.
Subjective measures. Phase 2 included only one subjective measure: Subjects were
periodically asked to indicate whether they were too hot or too cold.
Subjective measures. Subjects were asked to give periodic ratings of their thermal
comfort. Thermal comfort was measured with a modified version of a numerical rating scale
suggested in ISO 10551 (1993). The scale is shown below.
Very hot +4
Hot +3
Warm +2
Slightly warm +1
Comfortable 0
Slightly cool -1
Cool -2
Cold -3
Very cold -4
Subjects used this scale to give three different ratings: overall (whole body) thermal
comfort, left forearm thermal comfort, and left leg thermal comfort.
Phase 2
Independent variables
Phase 2 was also a repeated measures design, but only included one independent variable:
IRR treatment. (The same three levels of treatment were used for this phase as in Phase 1.)
Dependent variables
Objective measures. In Phase 2, air temperature was treated as a dependent variable.
Every two minutes, the air temperature was raised or lowered by a three-degree (F) step in
response to the subjects’ indicated thermal sensation. The main dependent measure of interest
was the average air temperature over the first two reversals of opinion (from “too hot” to “too
cold,” or vice versa). Skin temperature and downward total solar irradiance (measured at the
same locations as Phase 1) were also included as dependent measures.
Subjective measures. Phase 2 included only one subjective measure: Subjects were
periodically asked to indicate whether they were too hot or too cold.
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