Galvanic Isolation: Two circuits which have
no signifi cant ohmic connection are “galvanically
isolated” from each other. Galvanic isolation
(separation) is achieved by using a transformer,
opto-coupler, etc.
Ground: An electrical connection that is made to
earth (or a conductor that is connected to earth). A
power converter “common” is not actually ground
unless it is somehow connected to earth. See
Common.
Ground Bus: A common grounded conductor to
which various system components are returned.
Ground Connection: A low resistance connection
to earth.
Ground Fault: Circuit failure caused by the loss
of a ground connection.
Ground Loop: When two or more system components
share a common ground line, a feedback
(ground) loop is induced. This can cause unwanted
voltage levels within the system.