5. Keep it Simple
Physicians should avoid engaging in long monologues in front
of the patient. Far better for the physician to keep to short
statements and clear, simple explanations. Those who tailor
information to the patient’s desired level of information will
improve comprehension and limit emotional distress.35 Again,
physicians should be sure to ask whether patients have any
questions so that understanding can be checked and dialogue
promoted. It is wise for the physician to avoid the use of jargon
whenever possible, particularly with elderly patients.
An important fact for physicians to keep in mind is that,
in the United States, between 20% and 40% of individuals
between 60 and 80 years of age have not attained a high school
diploma.36 In patients of all ages, a physician cannot assume
the understanding of treatment risks that are described with
percentages or numbers. Such “low numeracy skills” of patients
require that physicians take special care in outlining the relative
risks of diagnostic procedures and treatments